We open with a clear, practical definition for readers in the United States. Our aim is to explain how the field studies, diagnoses, and treats unusual patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior that may signal a mental disorder. Abnormal psychology helps clinicians and researchers tell when a symptom points to a larger concern and when…
We define the term simply: it is a case where older learning makes new learning harder to recall. This matter affects daily learning, from classroom study to on-the-job training across the United States. In this view, a specific type of interference acts like a memory overlap. Old items keep “winning” when we try to use…
We introduce a clear, research-accurate definition so readers can tell a formal case study from a simple anecdote. Our aim is to define the approach and show how it differs from lab experiments and surveys. In psychology, a case study examines a bounded case—often one person—within their real-life setting. We gather information from interviews, observation,…
We introduce a practical view of mental training for athletes and everyday exercisers. In this guide, we define the term and explain why the mental game often separates practice success from pressure performance. At its core, sports psychology examines how mental factors such as focus, anxiety, motivation, and resilience shape performance. We treat this subject…
We open with a clear glossary-style definition to set expectations. We define encoding as the process that gets information into our memory system so it can be stored and later retrieved. We will position this page as a definition first and then expand into practical guidance. Our goal is to explain how encoding fits into…
We begin with a clear definition for readers new to the topic. In simple terms, priming describes how a first stimulus guides a later response, often without our conscious thought. This article will show how subtle cues shape memory, language, and behavior. We focus on common lab tasks and everyday scenes—classroom examples, word links, and…
We answer the main question up front: yes, psychology is generally treated as part of the social science family, and that label matters for students, careers, and how we interpret evidence about people. We preview what follows. First, we define terms and explain why the subject sits among the social sciences. Then we show how…
We open with a clear, practical definition so readers can link the idea to daily life. In clinical terms, that part of personality helps balance instinctual urges and moral aims. It guides decisions, keeps us grounded, and shapes how the mind meets real-world demands. We will explain this concept using two lenses: Freud’s classic model…
We open with a clear, dictionary-style line that frames this core concept in cognitive psychology and learning. Here, we call out how focused mental work helps the brain encode new facts and skills. By effortful we mean active attention and deliberate rehearsal. We describe why the brain feels strain when we learn complex material and…
We begin by defining what the title means in U.S. settings. We separate admissions items (how to get in), graduation milestones (how to finish), and licensure details (how to practice). This helps readers match goals to paths. We preview the main doctoral paths: the Ph.D., the Psy.D., and the Ed.D., and explain why the right…